Namibia Priorities Foundational Learning

By Maggie Forcelledo Paz

Poverty remains one of the most pressing social and economic challenges globally, affecting millions of people who lack access to basic necessities such as food, clean water, healthcare and education. It is not only defined by low income but also by limited opportunities to improve living conditions and achieve sustainable livelihoods. In many communities, poverty perpetuates cycles of inequality, leaving vulnerable groups, especially women and children who are at higher risk of malnutrition, poor health and limited educational fulfillment. For countries to address poverty, it requires a multidimensional approach that combines economic growth, social protection and inclusive policies to ensure equitable development.

Speaking at the launch of the African Union (AU) campaign, End Learning Poverty for All in Africa, the Minister of Education, Innovation, Youth, Sport, Arts and Culture, Sanet Steenkamp noted that Namibia has recorded 927,647 learners in February this year with near gender parity, as girls outnumbered boys by just 3,903. While access to education is largely equal, the teaching workforce shows an imbalance, with only 31.3% of the 34,325 teachers being male. “Our mission is rooted in equitable access, cultural preservation, and innovation through inclusive programming and strong partnerships” she said.

Steenkamp noted that Namibia’s education system is built on four enduring pillars such as access, equity, quality, and democracy. “Thanks to initiatives like the primary and secondary education grants, EGRA, EGMA, Right Start and Jolly Phonics Enterprise, we are close to universal access. But access alone is not enough. The real challenge before us is learning. Repetition rates, as reported by the Education Management Information System (EMIS) 2023, 17.2% in Grade 1, 19% in Grade 4, and 21.9% in Grade 8 signal that many of our learners are in school but not learning effectively”, she added.

Challenges

Namibia’s education sector continues to face serious challenges, with the latest End of Phase Grade 3 Literacy and Numeracy Assessment revealing worrisome low proficiency levels among young learners. The assessment which was conducted in November 2024, shows that only 28% of Grade 3 pupils achieved above 40% in literacy and a mere 3% scored 75% or higher. Percentages in numeracy show that just 32% managed above 40%, while a mere 5% have reached the 75% plus benchmark. by urban–rural divides and disparities between public and private schools. “These gaps are further widened by urban–rural and public–private disparities”, said Steenkamp. Similar struggles are seen in the Early Childhood Development (ECD) sector. Out of 414,069 children aged from zero to four years in 2023, only 51, 872 accessed ECD services last year. Only 17% of Educarers hold formal qualifications while more than half of children from three to six years were neither enrolled in formal schooling or in ECD centres.

Another challenge is school drop outs. 17,152 Learners dropped out of school in 2023, nearly evenly split between boys and girls. The Minister attributed this to factors such as parental demands, pregnancy, disciplinary issues, and long travel distances.

Course of action

In response, the ministry has developed a robust project charter that includes:

  • Scalable, evidence-based strategies that rapidly improve foundationa outcomes.
  • Equitable budget allocations, with a minimum of 10% directed toward foundational learning.
  • Stronger assessment systems to track progress and guide reform.
  • Enhanced teacher development, compensation, and support.
  • Meaningful partnerships with parents, communities, and stakeholders grounded in the belief that quality education is a shared responsibility.

President Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah has further reaffirmed the government’s commitment to prioritising education within the country’s socio-economic agenda, emphasising the role of the newly launched National Development Plan 6 (NDP6). “As we implement NDP6, we will ensure that foundational learning is not sidelined by more visible infrastructure projects, but elevated as a matter of national urgency, because there is no greater infrastructure than the human mind”, she said.

At continental level, the AU’s Education strategy for Africa 2026-2035, a framework for action, as outlined by His Excellency Professor Mohamed Belhocine, the Commissioner for Education, Science, Technology, and Innovation of the African Union Commission, reinforces the human rights character of education. The framework seeks to expand inclusive and quality learning opportunities across Africa, ensuring that no child is left behind.

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